THE ROLE OF NATIONAL INTELLECTUALS IN MATTERS OF ENLIGHTENMENT AND CULTURE IN THE FERGHANA VALLEY AT THE ENT OF THE 19TH CENTURY AND THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Abstract

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Fergana Valley had a large role national intellectuals in matters of enlightenment and culture. Under the influence of the jadidism movement in Central Asia, national consciousness rose among the local population. Jadid intellectuals supported educational reform by establishing new method (usul-i jadid) schools that offered a curriculum that combined traditional Islamic education with modern, secular subjects. Intellectuals in the Fergana Valley contributed significantly to literature, poetry and spiritual-cultural development, often promoting ideas and views on national identity, social justice and progressive reform in their activities. These schools aim to provide a more comprehensive and up-to-date education to the local population, nurturing a sense of national identity and cultural pride. Through a comparative analysis of historical sources, literary works and Scientific Reports, the article attempts to determine the complex interrelationships between the socio-cultural dynamics of the Fergana Valley at the height of the late 19th - 20th centuries and the National intelligentsia. Through an in-depth study of the life, work and heritage of the jadids, clarifying their influence on the Enlightenment, culture and spirituality of the Fergana Valley, the services they have made towards the development of the historical process of the region are aimed at illuminating the indelible spiritual heritage left behind.