THE OPERATION, EFFICIENCY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive overview of thermal power plants, focusing on their operational principles, efficiency factors, and environmental impacts. Thermal power plants, which use the Rankine cycle to convert heat into electricity, are integral to global energy production. The article examines the key components of these plants, such as boilers, turbines, condensers, and pumps, and discusses how advancements in technology, including supercritical and ultra-supercritical steam cycles, have enhanced their efficiency. Additionally, it addresses the environmental challenges posed by thermal power generation, particularly in terms of emissions and pollution control, and explores the role of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in mitigating these impacts. Finally, the article looks at the future prospects of thermal power plants in a rapidly evolving energy landscape, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices and technological innovation.