MEDICAL STATISTICAL ASSESSMENT AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF UROLITHIASIS

Abstract

A review of published data on the epidemiology of urolithiasis demonstrates considerable regional variability in prevalence, driven by climatic, environmental, socioeconomic, and ethnodemographic factors. A higher proportion of male patients has been identified, which is associated with lifestyle characteristics and metabolic features. The disease most frequently affects individuals of working age, peaking between 30 and 55 years, thereby imposing a significant medical and economic burden. The high recurrence rate, reaching 15–50 percent within the first five years, remains one of the key therapeutic challenges. The obtained data highlight the necessity to improve preventive strategies and to individualize patient management approaches.