IMPROVING THE TECHNIQUE OF RUNNING SHORT DISTANCES AT THE UNIVERSITY

Abstract

Short-distance running is characterized by the most complex technique, which largely explains the relatively slow increase in results, lengthens the training time of highly qualified sprinters. This necessitates constant improvement of the methodology of training runners, identification and analysis of the main and additional factors that affect the increase in the speed of overcoming the competitive distance. Materials. The improvement of the physiological mechanism of running steps over short distances makes it possible to determine the importance of the individual characteristics of each athlete from a new perspective, the knowledge of which determines the choice of the most effective means and methods of sports training. The article presents a new approach to the development of a methodology for improving individual running technique at a sprint distance based on the identification of the physiological mechanism of running steps; factors affecting the performance of running; complex of pedagogical conditions, the reaction of which contributes to the timely correction of the technique of running steps, taking into account the peculiarities of the mechanism of interaction with the support. Methods: analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical experiment, testing, statistical data processing. Outcomes. The developed methodology was tested in the course of a pedagogical experiment. One of the new elements of the method of improving running technique was the explanation to athletes of the physiological mechanism of running steps over short distances, which led them to understand the importance of accurate performance of special exercises in accordance with the given spatial-temporal and spatial-force parameters. At the same time, more attention was paid to the variability of the formation of motor skills, through the use of various conditions for the performance of the system of motor tasks. A variety of sports training methods, as well as methodological techniques, made it possible to take into account the individual characteristics of sprinters as much as possible.