MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC REMODELING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AORTIC WALL UNDER EXPERIMENTAL METABOLIC SYNDROME (HIGH-FAT DIET MODEL)

Abstract

In this study, structural and morphometric changes in the aortic wall under conditions of an experimental metabolic syndrome model induced by a high-fat diet were comprehensively evaluated. Pathomorphological processes developing in different layers of the vascular wall against the background of metabolic disturbances—particularly endothelial dysfunction, lipid infiltration, inflammatory responses, and extracellular matrix remodeling—were systematically analyzed.
The results demonstrated that the aortic wall was characterized by increased thickness, a significant expansion of the intima-media complex, disruption of elastic structural integrity, and an increase in collagen components. In addition, lipid accumulation in the subendothelial region and reorganization of cellular elements were identified, which were interpreted as features typical of the early stages of atherosclerotic processes.
The obtained data confirm that structural changes in the vascular wall under conditions of metabolic syndrome have a negative impact on its biomechanical properties and lead to increased arterial stiffness. These results provide an important scientific basis for a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of vascular disorders associated with metabolic disturbances and for their early detection